英语讲义(142)动名词与带ing的名词

动名词就是带“-ing”的动词，具名词功能。有些动名词，用得久了， 渐渐失去动词的作用，而转化为完整的名词。例如：

　　1. That painting is very impressive.
　　2. Are you working in that building.

　　1.里的“painting”和2.里的“building”都是完整的名词：“painting”约等于“picture”、“building”和“mansion”相似。

　　此外，有些转化名词具有动名词没有的特性。第一、有单复数；第二、有修饰语，如beautiful painting、big buildings.

　　动名词还保存着动词某些特色，转化为完整的名词之后，动名词的性质和名词相同。

　　动名词有哪些动词特色呢？

　　首先，可以有宾语，如：

　　3. Reading novels is a real joy.
　　4. Collecting stamps becomes a fashion.
　　5. We cannot help admiring such a kind-hearted person.
　　6. Not many people like giving public lectures.

　　“Novels, stamps, such a kind-hearted person, public lectures”各有自己的动名词“reading, collecting, admiring, giving”。如果动名词没有动词的功能，怎能有上述宾语呢？带“-ing”的名词就没有这种语法功能。

　　其次，动名词可以和动词修饰语连用， 而且还可以有被动语态。带“-ing”的名词，就不可能如此。

　　例如：

　　7. Reading silently is eveyone's habit.
　　8. Some pupils were warned against talking loudly.
　　9. Jason would not mind working with female colleagues.
　　10. Being selected Chairman of the party made him feel proud.
　　11. Tony does not like being laughed at.

　　7.－9.里的动词修饰语都在修饰前头的动名词；

　　10.－11.里的动名词都是被动语态。

　　最后，动名词在多个动词句型中出现，如下列的“go, come, get, set”等动词就常和动名词连用：

　　12. Noelle and her friends go swimming every week.
　　13. When do they usually go shopping?
　　14. Would you come skiing with the kids?
　　15. Isn't it time to get the plan going?
　　16. What sets them quarrelling from time to time?

　　此外，下列这些动词也常和动名词组成动词句型：

　　17. The boy admitted stealing the book.
　　18. Don't forget handing in your homework in due course.
　　19. Would you mind taking me to the bus stop?
　　20. Jason cannot bear being cruel to the weak.
　　21. Nancy said that she regretted doing such a thing.
　　22. You must continue trying until you succeed.
　　23. Many young people enjoy watching sports and games.
　　24. Can't you avoid walking on my garden?
　　25. We all hate cheating, don't we?

　　综上所述，动名词和带“-ing”的名词虽然形式相同，但是特色有异，语法功能也跟着有所不同了。