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英语讲义(111)三合一惯用语

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除了片语动词、动词短语等之外,这里要介绍一种三位一体的词组,我把它们命名为“三合一惯用语”,由名词+名词、动词+动词、形容词+形容词以及副词+副词合组而成。有时两个词之间不用“ and”而用“or”。三合一惯用语数目不算多,但已渐渐在增长中,相当配合时尚,可以多加留意,尽量学用。

  下面是些常见的例子:

  ㈠ 名词+名词

  ● rules and regulations(各种条例)
  “One should pay attention to all the rules and regulations of a working place.”

  ● law and order(法律秩序;法纪)
  “The police's job is to maintain law and order of a country.”

  ● facts and figures(事实和数字)
  “Traditional teaching tends to cram students with facts and figures for memorisation and regurigitation.”

  ● do's and dont's (应注意的事项)
  “Try to be familiar with the do's and dont's of an organisation.”

  ● merits and demerits(优缺点)
  “To evaluate a system, one has to take into account both its merits and demerits.”

  ● bag and baggage(连同全部财物)
  “The rascal was turned out of the room bag and baggage.”

  ● pros and cons(赞成和反对的理由)
  “It is important to consider the pros and cons of a matter before coming to a decision.”

  ● doom and gloom(失望与不快)
  “All the reports on world economy are full of doom and gloom.”

  ● ways and means (各种方法)
  “Some addicts seem to have ways and means of getting the drugs for unending consumption.”

  ㈡ 动词+动词

  ● aid and abet(唆使别人干坏事)
  “Those aiding and abetting terrorists will be severely punished”

  ● groan and moan(不停地埋怨)
  “When a person is used to groaning and moaning, he won't find life worth living.”

  ● forgive and forget(宽恕他人)
  “Let's learn to forgive and forget and let bygones be bygones.”

  ● give and take(互相让步)
  “To solve a problem, the parties concerned must be prepared to give and take.”

  ● pick and choose(细心选择;挑剔)
  “Susan picked and chose her dresses, but did not buy any.”

  ㈢ 形容词+形容词

  ● fair and square(公平地)
  “All are advised to play fair and square.”

  ● safe and sound(安全地)
  “The fishermen managed to escape the storm and returned home safe and sound.”

  ● hale and hearty(健壮活泼地)
  “Though an old man, Jack is still hale and hearty.”

  ㈣ 副词+副词

  ● first and foremost(首先)
  “There are many ways of keeping fit. First and foremost, one must live a proper life.”

  ● far and away(远远地)
  “Jason is far and away the best teacher in this school.”

  ● here and there(到处)
  “Once you go out, you can see cars here and there.”

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