英语讲义(15)无须冠词的名词
一则征聘广告的结尾这样写：
“Suitable candidates will be offered a very attractive terms which cannot be refused.”
这句话的意思，一目了然，可惜其中有个不该有的语法错误；那就是“a very attractive terms”中的“terms”是个复数名词，不需要有冠词，和不定冠词“a”连用，更是不合语法规则。
为了避免同样的错误出现，现在试把不需要冠词的场合列下，以作参考：
㈠复数名词，如：
1. Doctors cure patients.
2. Axes are tools for cutting wood.
3. Those people are teachers, not students.
㈡物质名词，如：
4. Gold is precious.
5. Air is indispensable to animals.
6. Electricity is a form of energy.
㈢抽象名词，如：
7. Unity is strength.
8. Knowledge is power.
9. Samson is a man of bravery.
㈣有关餐食的名词，如：
10. Dinner is ready.
11. After lunch, you may take a nap.
12. What do you eat for breakfast?
㈤有关四季的名词，如：
13. I like autumn most.
14. Do you have to teach in summer?
15. Winter is over; will spring be far away?
㈥有关游戏和运动的名词，如：
16. Fandi can play soccer very well.
17. Do yo like to play chess?
18. Is bridge a popular game here?
㈦有关疾病的名词，如：
19. Old People tend to suffer from diabetes.
20. Many women are inflicted with rheumatism.
㈧有关学科或带“－ism”后缀的名词，如：
21. Mathematics and physics are difficult subjects.
22. Which do you prefer, imperialism or communism?
㈨在“by 交通工具”的片语里，如：
23. Shall we walk or go by bus?
24. The tourists came by plane.
25. Do you like to travel by land or by sea?
㈩关于“人、节日、地理、建筑物、语言”等的专有名词，如：
26. Tony wants to see Susan.
27. Christmas is a widely celebrated festival.
28. Europe is more advanced than Africa.
29. Do you know where Buckingham Palace is?
30. Is Japanese similiar to Chinese?
上述是无须冠词的例句，但当专有名词之前有修饰语时，可以用定冠词（例（31）－（32））；当抽象名词被形容词、短语或分句修饰时，也可以有适当的冠词（例（33）－（36））：
31. Caesar was an ancient hero. Do you admire the great Caesar and his deeds?
32. We enjoy reading the great works written by the immortal Shakespeare.
33. A little knowledge is a dangerous thing.
34. The wisdom of Solomon was recorded in history.
35. Tom showed a courage worthy of special mention.
36. I find it hard to forget the generosity with which David treated me.
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