英语语法的考查重点二

　　wish 后面的从句时态可以有以下几种情况
　　表示与现在事实相反用一般过去时：
　　How I wish I had a memory as good as yours.
　　表示与现在正在进行的事情相反可用过去进行时，如3）。
　　表示与过去事实相反的情况用过去完成时，也可以用could have done 的形式，如：
　　I wish I ____ longer this morning， but I had to get up and come to class.
　　A.could have slept B.slept
　　C.might have slept D.have slept （1995.6）
　　由于might表示“也许”，与这里的意思不合，只能用A.
　　表示将来不可能实现的情况用would/might 原形动词。
　　How I wish you would be able to come here for another visit.
　　⑤ If only 表示愿望时与wish用法相同。再如：
　　If only that photograph weren't missing.
　　If only the letter had arrived in time.
　　⑥ would rather
　　would rather的虚拟语气形式在这几年考查是最多的，有7道题，但would rather从句的时态规则并不复杂。
　　如果表示与过去事实相反的情况用过去完成时，否则用一般过去时。在如以下各题：
　　1） The manager would rather his daughter _____ in the same office.
　　A.had not worked B.not to work
　　C.does not work D.did not work （2000.6）
　　2） To be frank， I'd rather you ____ in the case. （1995.1）
　　A.will not be involved B.not involved
　　C.not to be involved D.were not involved
　　3） You don't have to be in such a hurry.I would rather you ____ on
　　business first. （1998.1）
　　A.would go B.will go C.went D.have gone
　　4） Frankly speaking， I'd rather you ___ anything about it for the time being.（1999.1）
　　A.didn't do B.haven't done C.don't do D.have done
　　5） I'd rather you ____ make any comment on the issue for the time
　　being.（1998.6）
　　A.don't B.wouldn't C.didn't D.shouldn't
　　答案为： 1） D 2） D 3） C 4） A 5） C）
　　⑦ It's （about/high） time that …
　　该句型中一律用一般过去时，再如：
　　“You are very selfish.It's high time you ____ that you are not the most important person in the world，” Edgar said to his boss angrily.（1999.1）
　　A.realized B.have realized C.realize D.should realize
　　Self-practice
　　下面请试做《语法分册》153-159页的相关题目。
　　4.状语从句中的虚拟语气
　　Test yourself
　　状语从句中的虚拟语气主要指as if/though从句中的虚拟语气，首先请同学们做一下下面三道题：
　　1） He walked past the pole and soldiers as if they ______.
　　A.didn't exist 　　B.don't exist 　　C.hadn't existed 　　D.were not existing
　　2） He operates the new computer as if he _____ special training in it.
　　A.has received 　　B.had received 　　C.would receive 　　D.received
　　3） They talked in such an uneasy manner as if something terrible
　　______soon.
　　A.had happened 　　B.happened 　　C.would happen 　　D.has happened
　　Explanation and Expansion
　　A.参考答案 1）A 2）B 3） C
　　B.评析
　　谓语动词要求使用虚拟语气的状语从句一般是由as if/as though引导。该从句中时态的选择原则是：
　　① 如果从句中谓语动词与主句谓语动词同时进行，用过去进行时；
　　② 如果从句中谓语动词表示与主句谓语动词同时存在的状态，用一般过去时，如1）。
　　③ 如果从句中谓语动词表示先于主句谓语动词的动作或状态，用过去完成时，如2）。
　　④ 如果从句中谓语动词后于主句谓语动词发生，用would/might 原形动词。

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