大学英语三级考试考前辅导练习二十二
Passage 28
It is hard to track the blue whale the ocean’s largest creature which has almost been killed off by commercial whaling and is now listed as an endangered species. Attaching radio devices to it is difficult and visual sightings are too unreliable to give real insight into its behavior.
So biologists were delighted early this year when with the help of the Navy they were able to track a particular blue whale for 43 days monitoring its sounds. This was possible because of the Navy’s formerly top-secret system of underwater listening devices spanning the oceans. Tracking whales is but one example of an exciting new world just opening to civilian scientists after the cold war as the Navy starts to share and partly uncover its global network of underwater listening system built over the decades to track the ships of potential enemies.
Earth scientists announced at a news conference recently that they had used the system for closely monitoring a deep-sea volcanic eruption (爆发) for the first time and that they plan similar studies. Other scientists have proposed to use the network for tracking ocean currents and measuring changes in ocean and global temperatures. The speed of sound in water is roughly one mile a second-slower than through land but faster than through air. What is most important different layers of ocean water can act as channels for sounds focusing them in the same way a stethoscope (听诊器) does when it carries faint noises from a patient’s chest to a doctor’s ear. This focusing is the main reason that even relatively weak sounds in the ocean especially low-frequency ones can often travel thousands of miles.
1. The passage is chiefly about ____ .
A. an effort to protect an endangered marine species.
B. the civilian use of a military detection system.
C. the exposure of a U.S. Navy top-secret weapon.
D. a new way to look into the behavior of blue whales.
2. The underwater listening system was originally designed ____ .
A. to trace and locate enemy vessels
B. to monitor deep-sea volcanic eruptions
C. to study the movement of ocean currents
D. to replace the global radio communications network
3 The deep-sea listening system makes use of ____ .
A. the sophisticated technology of focusing sounds under water
B. the capability of sound to travel at high speed
C. the unique property of layers of ocean water in transmitting sound
D. low-frequency sounds travelling across different layers of water
4. It can be inferred from the passage that____.
A. new radio devices should be developed for tracking the endangered blue whales
B. blue whales are no longer endangered with the use of the new listening system
C. opinions differ as to whether civilian scientists should be allowed to use military technology
D. military technology has great potential in civilian use
5. Which of the following is true about the U.S. Navy underwater listening network﹖
A. It is now partly accessible to civilian scientists.
B. It has been replaced by a more advanced system.
C. It became useless to the military after the cold war.
D. It is indispensable in protecting endangered species.
Passage 29
Tests conducted at the University of Pennsylvania’s Psychological(心理学的) Laboratory showed that anger is one of the most difficult emotions to detect from facial(面部的) expression. Professor Dallas E. Buzby showed 716 students pictures of extremely angry persons, and asked them to identify the emotion from the facial expression. Only two percent made correct judgments. Anger was most frequently judged as “ pleased”. And a typical reaction of a student seeing the picture of a man who was extremely angry was to classify his expression as either “confused” or simply “amazed”. Other studies showed that it is extremely difficult to tell whether a man is angry or not just by looking at his face. The investigation found further that women are better at detecting anger from facial expression than men are. Surprisingly, they also found that psychological training does not sharpen one’s ability to judge a man’s emotions by his expressions but appears actually to slow it down. For in the university tests, the more courses the student had taken in psychology, the poorer judgment scores he turned in.
1.The main information in this passage centers around_______________.
A. the relation between anger and other emotions
B. the detection of anger from facial expression
C. the differences between men and women with respect to emotion
D. the influence of psychology on one’s emotion
2.From the passage we know that__________
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